Sargassum sp

Sargassum sp (brown algae) live on the coast, the brown color because of the pigment fikosantin (brown), chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and xantofil. The body is shaped like a yarn or sheet that can reach tens of meters. Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation, c whereas generative with isogami and Oogami.
Example:
– Laminaria
– Fucus
– Turbinaria
– Sargasum
The role of brown algae:
– Producing alginic acid, as a mixture of ice cream, paint, pharmaceuticals, synthetic latex
– Source I2 (iodine) and K (potassium)
– As fodder
Brown / blonde, as a result of assimilation and as a food substance. Not found starch, live in fresh water, the sea and the temperate and cold areas, life attached to rocks, wood, and there are live as endophyte.
According to Abbot (1978) classification of the brown algae is as follows:
Division: Phaeophyta
Classsis: Phaeophyceae
Order: Fucales
Family: Sargassaceae
Genus: Sargassum
Species: Sargassum sp
Sargassum sp is one of the plant species of algae that are included in the division Phaeophyta. Sargassum sp alginate as the basic raw material has the potential and utilization of the many unspoiled, far alginate was obtained by imports. Indonesia has good potential as a producer of seaweed such as agar-agar, and carrageenan Algin. To meet the need within Indonesia still imports agar, carrageenan Algin and in large enough quantities. In 1981-1984 Indonesia to import order worth U.S. $ 410,958 per year and Algin U.S. $ 5.050426 per year not including carrageenan. Total order and Algin average of U.S. $ 5,461,385 per year. And Algin value that is nearly 30 times the value of seaweed exports in the same period. In the waters of Indonesia is estimated there are more than 15 types of algae Sargassum sp and have been known to reach 12 types. While in the waters of the Indo-Pacific were 58 types. Habitat Sargassum sp algae growing in the clear-flowing waters at a depth of 0.5 to 10 m, has a base substrate rocks, dead coral, volcanic rocks and objects that are massive in the bottom waters (Anonymous, 2008).
The reproductive system of Sargassum sp is vegetative reproduction through fragmentation. This method is mostly done for the cultivation. The development of the individual generative reproduction through male organs (antheridia) and female organs (oogenia). Inside there is plenty of Sargassum sp implies inter alia that the main chemical ingredients alginate and contain protein, vitamin C, tannin, iodine, anti-bacteria and tumor (Trono & Ganzo, 1988). Alginate composed of amino acids D-and L-Manuronik Guluronik. Duarte et al (2001) reported that Sargassum sp fucoida able to synthesize two different types of structure, namely the presentation GlcA fucoida higher and lower sulfate and fucoida with GlcA and sulfate in large numbers concentrated in the residue fucoida with fucosa and galactose as major components (Subagya, Day. 1987)

The content of Sargassum are :

• Inside there is plenty of Sargassum sp implies inter alia that the main chemical ingredients alginate and contain protein, vitamin C, tannin, iodine, anti-bacteria and tumors.
• Being able to synthesize two structurally different types fucoida the presentation GlcA fucoida higher and lower sulfate and fucoida with GlcA and sulfate in large numbers concentrated in the residue fucoida with fucosa and galactose as major components.
• As a source of nutrition, seaweed contains carbohydrates (sugar or vegetable-gum), protein, less fat, and ash were largely a compound of sodium and potassium salts. In addition, kelp also contains vitamins, such as A, B1, B2, B6, B12, and C; carotene, as well as minerals, bleak potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, iron, and iodine.
• Hydrocolloid of seaweed (Carragenan, Agar and Alginate) is necessary considering its function as a gelling agent, stabilizer, emulsifier agent, pensuspesi, dispersants are useful in various industries such as food, beverages, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, paint and other industries such as textiles, film , animal feed, ceramics, paper, photography and others.